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Research on the use of medicinal plant materials and herbal-based medicines in the treatment of children, pregnant and breastfeeding wome

Thu, 01 Jan 2026 00:00:00 GMT

Название: Research on the use of medicinal plant materials and herbal-based medicines in the treatment of children, pregnant and breastfeeding wome Авторы: Raal, A.; Nikker, E.; Ilina, T.; Kovalyova, A.; Koshovyi, O.; Кошовий, Олег Миколайович Аннотация: Plants have been the primary therapeutic agents for humanity for millennia. Parents are increasingly seeking alternative treatments that appear safer to improve their children’s health, utilizing Herbal Medicine Substances (HMS). The aim of the study was to provide evidence-based information for physicians and the public on the most commonly used medicinal plant materials and herbal remedies for treating children, pregnant women, and breastfeeding mothers, and to assess potential risks. Materials and methods. Data were collected about 713 children under the age of 12, represented by 678 respondents, and 383 of them about pregnancy and 385 women about breastfeeding. The study analyzed information on the herbal remedies used, their frequency of application, indications for use, treatment efficacy, and potential side effects of herbal preparations. The study examined seven specific objects: linden flowers (Tiliae flos), garlic bulbs (Allii sativi bulbus), chamomile flowers (Matricariae flos), calendula flowers (Calendulae flos), aloe leaves (Aloe folium), mint leaves (Menthae piperitae folium), and blueberry fruits (Myrtilli fructus). The analysis of the current state of HMS research was conducted based on data from PubMed, Embase, Best Evidence, EMA, and the British Medical Journal. Results. Within the studied continuum, 81% of children used medicinal plant materials or herb-based preparations. The predominant indications for use were respiratory infections (colds) and digestive disorders. It was established that the use of herbal remedies only partially complied with the recommendations of the European Medicines Agency (EMA). For instance, 54% of children used aloe leaves to treat skin inflammation, which the EMA does not recommend for this age group. The study also revealed the use of medicinal plant materials not recommended by the EMA, specifically coltsfoot leaves, St. John’s wort herb, and ginkgo biloba leaves. Side effects were recorded in 2.6% of children, most frequently associated with the use of garlic bulbs and mint leaves. Furthermore, the use of raw materials not recommended during pregnancy and lactation, such as motherwort herb, was identified. The systematized data served as the basis for recommendations for physicians and the public regarding the core criteria of phytotherapy in pediatrics, and for pregnant and breastfeeding women. Conclusions. Since medicinal plant materials and herb-based preparations play a significant role in pediatric treatment, as well as during pregnancy and lactation, and study results indicate the use of products not recommended by the EMA, there is an urgent need to inform physicians and the general public about the correct application of herbal remedies and the potential risks associated with their use.

Mental healh care: trends in Europe and international priorities

Sun, 01 Jan 2017 00:00:00 GMT

Название: Mental healh care: trends in Europe and international priorities Авторы: Yakovleva, O. S.; Khaliq, R. N.; Яковлева, Ольга Станіславівна Аннотация: Наведено результати аналізу тенденцій у сфері психічного здоров’я за останні роки. Вивчено питання регламентації права на охорону психічного здоров’я в країнах Європейського регіону ВООЗ. Узагальнено міжнародні стратегії, які спрямовані на забезпечення доступності лікування, сприяння одужанню і профілактику психічних розладів, а також виділено основні пріоритети ВООЗ щодо охорони психічного здоров’я та підвищення психічного благополуччя населення. Проведено оцінку особливостей організації, фінансування систем охорони психічного здоров’я, обсягів надання медичної допомоги населенню в європейських країнах. Проаналізовано внесок нервово-психічних хвороб у формування загального тягара хвороб в Україні і Європейському регіоні.

Оцінка гепатопротекторної активності ліпофільного екстракту Achillea collina J. Becker ex Reichenb

Thu, 01 Jan 2026 00:00:00 GMT

Название: Оцінка гепатопротекторної активності ліпофільного екстракту Achillea collina J. Becker ex Reichenb Авторы: Дуюн, Ірина Федорівна; Duyun, I. F. Аннотация: Мета дослідження – оцінка специфічної гепатопротекторної активності ліпофільного екстракту деревію пагорбового Achillea collina J. Becker ex Reichenb. (ЛЕДГ) на моделі хронічного алкогольного гепатиту (ХАГ). Специфічну гепатопротекторну активність ЛЕДГ оцінювали в експериментах на 40 лабораторних щурах обох статей. Визначення специфічної гепатопротекторної активності екстракту проводили на моделі ХАГ, який моделювали щоденним внутрішньошлунковим (в/ш) введенням щурам 20 % етанолу в дозі 8 г/кг протягом 60 діб. Після цього щоденно протягом 30 діб в/ш за допомогою металевого зонда вводили досліджуваний ЛЕДГ (20 мг/кг за кверцетином) і референс-препарат «Гепабене» (100 мг/кг). Гепатопротекторну активність ЛЕДГ оцінювали за біохімічними маркерами – умістом білірубіну, активністю трансаміназ (АлАТ, АсАТ) у сироватці крові та тривалістю тіопенталового сну експериментальних тварин. The aim of the study – to evaluate the specific hepatoprotective activity of lipophilic extract of Achillea collina J. Becker ex Reichenb. (LEHG) under the model of chronic alcoholic hepatitis (CAH). The specific hepatoprotective activity of LEHG was assessed in experiments on 40 laboratory rats of both sexes. The determination of the specific hepatoprotective activity of the studied extracts was carried out under the model of CAH, which was induced by daily intragastric administration of 20% ethanol at a dose of 8 g/kg for 60 days. After ethanol administration, for the following 30 days, the tested LEHG (20 mg/kg by quercetin) and the reference drug Hepabene (100 mg/kg) were administered daily intragastrically using a metal probe. The hepatoprotective activity of LEHG was evaluated based on the reduction of biochemical markers – bilirubin level, transaminase activity (ALT, AST) in blood serum – and the reduction of thiopental sleep duration in experimental animals.

Novel 1, 2, 4-Triazole-Thiopyrimidine Hybrids as COX-2 Inhibitors: Synthesis, ADME Profiling, Antioxidant Activity, and Molecular Docking

Thu, 01 Jan 2026 00:00:00 GMT

Название: Novel 1, 2, 4-Triazole-Thiopyrimidine Hybrids as COX-2 Inhibitors: Synthesis, ADME Profiling, Antioxidant Activity, and Molecular Docking Авторы: Karpenko, Yu. V.; Parchenko, V. V.; Panasenko, O. I.; Bihdan, O. A.; Pukhalska, I. O.; Nikiforov, O. A.; Nahorna, N. О.; Nahornyi, V.; Roik, O.; Карпенко, Юрій Вікторович; Парченко, Володимир Володимирович; Панасенко, Олександр Іванович; Бігдан, Олексій Антонович; Пухальська, Ірина Олександрівна; Нікіфоров, Олег Анатолійович; Нагорна, Наталія Олександрівна Аннотация: This work reports the design, synthesis, and multilevel evaluation of 20 new S-alkyl derivatives of 6-(5-mercapto-4-ethyl-4H- 1,2,4-triazol-3-yl)pyrimidine-2,4(1H,3H)-dione as potential selective cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) inhibitors with antioxidant properties. The aim was to establish structure–property relationships between the S-alkyl fragment, antioxidant mechanisms, and COX-2 inhibition and to identify lead structures for further optimization. Compounds were obtained by stepwise construction of the 1,2,4-triazole fragment from orotic acid, followed by selective S-alkylation of the mercaptotriazole, and their structures were confirmed by 1H/13C NMR, LC-MS, and elemental analysis. Antiradical activity in vitro was assessed by the DPPH assay with determination of percent inhibition and IC50, whereas COX-1/COX-2 inhibition was evaluated using a fluorescent enzyme assay to obtain IC50 and selectivity index (SI). Density functional theory (DFT) calculations were employed to compare the thermodynamic feasibility of HAT, SET–PT, and SPLET pathways, while molecular docking and molecular dynamics were used to study the affinity and stability of binding to COX-1 and COX-2. A clear increase in antiradical activity was observed in the series 17 < ascorbic acid < 14 < 20 < 13 < 19, reaching 72.34% DPPH inhibition for Compound 19 with IC50(DPPH) = 12.15 ± 3.98 µM , considerably surpassing ascorbic acid. Compound 19 also exhibited the lowest IC50(COX−2) = 24.5 ± 0.9 µM with SI = 8.2 ; Compounds 13 and 20 showed moderate COX-2 selectivity (SI = 1.2 − 1.3 ), whereas 14 and 17 had a COX-1-shifted profile reminiscent of classical NSAIDs. DFT analysis indicated predominance of the SPLET mechanism for most systems, with the lowest ΔG values for 19 and 20, consistent with their high antioxidant activity. The combined experimental and in silico data identify Compound 19 as a primary lead candidate that combines potent antioxidant effects with pronounced, selective COX-2 inhibition and highlight 13 and 20 as promising backup structures for further preclinical studies.