Derivatives of 1,2,4-triazole as new candidates for the treatment of epileptic disorders

Abstract

Epilepsy is one of the most common neurological disorders. The use of antiepileptic drugs to control seizures is a crucial aspect of epilepsy treatment and other seizure-associated conditions. However, it presents several challenges related to effectiveness, side effects, and individualized treatment adaptation. In some cases, the disease may become resistant to specific anticonvulsant drugs, meaning that seizures persist despite medication use. This necessitates a shift in treatment approaches and the search for alternative therapies. Derivatives of 1,2,4-triazole are widely utilized in pharmaceutical practice as active substances in effective synthetic drugs. Many of these compounds exhibit relatively low toxicity, making them attractive for clinical application. Some of them can act through multiple mechanisms simultaneously, allowing for the effective treatment of various types of seizures. Conducting research aimed at evaluating the mechanisms of action of triazole derivatives, their impact on neuronal activity, as well as studying their toxicity and pharmacokinetic characteristics, is particularly relevant at this stage. Considering that epilepsy is one of the most widespread neurological diseases worldwide - with approximately 50 million people affected, accounting for 1% of the global population, according to the World Health Organization - the scientific interest in this issue is well justified.