Modern diagnostic capabilities of adrenergic system dysfunction in ischemic stroke

Abstract

One of the main pathogenic mechanisms of ischemic stroke is the hyperreactivity of the sympathetic nervous system, which provokes the release of various biogenic monoamines. The degree of its expression depends on the functional state of the membrane-receptor cell complex. The purpose of the study was to investigate the dielectric properties of peripheral blood erythrocytes in patients with ischemic stroke in vitro effect of adrenergic drugs in treatment dynamics depending on the severity of the disease. To measure the complex dielectric constant of medium, the extremely high-frequency dielectrometry method, realized in the millimeter area of radio waves, was used. The criterion was the adrenergic reactivity of erythrocyte membranes in patients in the acute period of ischemic stroke. Adrenaline and propranolol were used as influence factors During the experiment, in all cases there was a significant increase in the absolute values of complex dielectric constant after the treatment course, which indicates a change in the level of erythrocyte hydration. This significantly affects the rate of metabolic processes in the cell environment, changing the mode of cell functioning. Thus, taking into account free water fraction increase, we can conclude that positive changes in the metabolism of biological objects are confirmed by physical and biological methods. The research has shown the possibility of using the waveguide extremely high-frequency dielectrometry in a medical-biological experiment. It was proved that the dynamics of the electrophysical characteristics of peripheral blood directly depends on the physiological state of a donor. Thus, in an experiment using clinical material, it was established that significant changes in complex dielectric constant of erythrocytes, when they were influenced by adrenergic agents, were observed mainly in the control group and were poorly expressed in the erythrocytes of patients in the acute period of ischemic stroke, indicating a significantly reduced β-adrenergic reactivity. Obtained results of the dielectric study made it possible to differentiate the functional states of the adrenergic system under normal conditions and ischemic stroke at the cellular level.