Фітохімічне дослідження складу поліфенольних сполук трави Сirsium arvense (L.) Scop. флори України

Abstract

Метою цієї роботи було дослідження складу та кількісного вмісту поліфенольних сполук у траві Cirsium arvense (L.) Scop. флори України під час цвітіння, зібраній у м. Володимирівка Запорізької області (червень–липень, 2013–2015 рр.). There are about 300 perennial herbaceous plants in the flora of the world which refers to species of the genus Cirsium L. (thistle). They are widely distributed as ordinary representatives of biocenoses and weeds, in the countries of Europe, North Africa, North and Central America. In Ukraine, currently, was identified more than 30 representatives. Many countries in folk medicine widely use effective drugs with anti-inflammatory, antioxidant and hepatoprotective action of the above-ground parts of creeping thistle (Cirsium arvense (L.) Scop.). Their expressive pharmacological activity is associated with the accumulation in it of biologically active flavonoids and selected hydroxycinnamic acids. Considering the unlimited source of raw materials, it is a promising study of phytochemical composition of plants to create highly effective medicines based on them. The aim of the work was to study the composition and quantitative content of polyphenolic compounds the Cirsium arvense (L.) Scop. grass of Ukrainian flora in flowering period. A detection was conducted by typical chemical reactions and thin layer chromatography on Aluminium oxide 150 F 254 (0.20 mm) (Merck, Germany) plates. A clarification of the component composition of flavonoids, hydroxycinnamic acids and their quantitative contents was conducted by HLPC chromatograph Shimadzu LC-20 Prominence, the Japan. The chromatographic column Phenomenex Luna C18(2) (l = 250 мм, d = 4,6 мм), was filled with sorbent (d = 5 mkm). It was established 16 flavonoids (up to 3,10 ± 0,29%) and 5 hydroxycinnamic acids (0,21 ± 0,02%). Gispidulin- 7-O-β-D-glucopyranoside, kampherol-3-O-β-D-glucopyranoside, quercetin-3-O-β-D-glucopyranoside, lutelin- 5-O-β-D-glucopiranoside, caftaric, protocatechuic and neochlorogenic acids were identified firstly. The method of Cirsium arvense (L.) Scop. grass standardization by content of the main flavonoid luteolin derivatives was proposed. The Cirsium arvense (L.) Scop. grass can be discovered to finding drugs with a pronounced antiinflammatory, antioxidant and hepatoprotective activity.