Актуальные вопросы развития мочевыделительной системы в пренатальном онтогенезе

Abstract

Настоящая статья является обзорной. Нашей целью было изучить современные данные гистологических исследований органов мочевыделительной системы в пренатальном онтогенезе и изучить основные не решенные вопросы, подлежащие исследованию с помощью новых методик. Мы пришли к выводу, что в исследованиях пренатального развития органов мочевыделительной системы, в особенности мочевого пузыря (периодизации гистогенеза отдельных структур, последовательности их формирования, характере взаимосвязей в эмбриогенезе) присутствеут фрагментарность и протеворечивость, не достаточно данных об гистогенезе эпителиальных структур, становлении соединительных тканей, мышечных тканей, кровеносных и лимфатических сосудов, лимфоидных структур и их взаимных связей. Интересными и полезными с нашей точки зрения могут оказаться исследования в направлении дальнейшей детализации пренатального гистогенеза мочевого пузыря и связанных с ним структур, а также исследования гистогенетических последствий влияния внешних не благоприятных факторов. This article is a review. Our aim was to study the current data of histological studies of the urinary system in prenatal ontogenesis and explore the main outstanding issues to be examined with the help of new techniques. The article summarizing the research data morphogenesis of urinary organs prefetal period of prenatal development, a detailed study of the processes of transformation of the urogenital sinus and its derivatives, its interaction with the surrounding structures (caudal mesonephric ducts paramesonephric ducts allantois) in the early stages of embryogenesis. Interesting and informative survey data to understand the processes and mechanisms of early disorders in the development of bookmarks urinary organs, leading to the formation of fetal congenital malformations and the establishment of perverse interactions, as well as the functional relationships, both internally and with the bodies of other systems, one way or another during embryogenesis related structures with the urinary system. Considers temporal aspects of early changes of urinary organs of the relationship system with the emergence of the reproductive organs. Peculiarities of histogenesis data structures during this period. We studied the sexual features of the early development of the derivatives of the urogenital sinus. The article also studied the available data about the development of the structures of the bladder 3 trimester fetal development. The periodization of formation composition of the bladder wall tissue, the formation of structures vesical triangle.We concluded that in studies of prenatal development of the urinary system, particularly the bladder (periodization morphogenesis, histogenesis separate structures, the sequence of their formation, the nature of relationships in embryogenesis) presents fragmentation and inconsistency. There are no studies of morphogenesis, histogenesis organs urinary system in 2 trimester prenatal development. There is no clear picture of the changes to the derivatives of the urogenital sinus in this period of fetal development and a clear time gradations and histogenetic morphogenetic processes of this stage. There is not enough data about the histogenesis of epithelial structures, the formation of connective tissue, muscle tissue, blood and lymph vessels, lymphoid structures of the urinary system and bladder in particular, and of their mutual relations in prenatal ontogenesis. Interesting and useful from our point of view, may be the research towards further detail prenatal histogenesis of the bladder and associated structures, as well as research histogenetic consequences of the influence of external factors are not favorable.